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KMID : 1034320190100010043
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Sleep Medicine Research
2019 Volume.10 No. 1 p.43 ~ p.48
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Clinical and Polysomnographic Characteristics of Patients with Restless Legs Syndrome
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Yang James Kil-Sung
Lee Moon-Sook
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Abstract
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Background and Objective: Although restless legs syndrome (RLS) symptoms are relatively clear, many people are suffering from RLS without proper care because RLS is often underdiagnosed and misdiagnosed. Purpose of this study was to examine clinical and polysomnographic aspects of RLS to better understand the disorder for future diagnosis.
Methods: This study enrolled 113 idiopathic untreated RLS patients, including 74 (65.5%) women and 39 (34.5%) men. Restless legs syndrome rating scale (RLSRS) and RLS checklist were examined. All patients underwent suggested immobilization test (SIT) and polysomnogram (PSG).
Results: RLS occurred in all age groups. It was the most prevalent in age groups of 50s and 60s. On average, RLS was diagnosed 12.5 years after the first occurrence of RLS symptoms. RLS occurred twice as often among women than that among men. Based on average RLSRS, 57.5% and 26.5% of patients belonged to severe and very severe categories, respectively. While symptoms were the most prominent between 8 PM and 4 AM, patients reported that calves were the main site of discomfort. Of all participants, 54.9% reported family history of RLS. RLS patients’ PSGs showed lower sleep efficiency (SE), total sleep time, and slow wave percentage with higher leg movement arousal index (LMAI), arousal index, and sleep latency (SL). RLSRS was positively correlated with LMAI (r = 0.221, p < 0.05), periodic leg movement during wake index-PSG (PLMWI-PSG) (r = 0.214, p < 0.05), and SL (r = 0.207, p < 0.05). RLSRS was also negatively correlated with SE (r = -0.222, p < 0.05). RLSRS was not correlated with PLMWI-SIT or PLMI.
Conclusions: The results suggest that the severity of RLS patients is related to SL, LMAI, PLMWI-PSG, and SE. In order to effectively diagnose RLS, not only clinical characteristics, but also polygraphic characteristics such as SL, LMAI, PLMWI-PSG, and SE should be taken into account.
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KEYWORD
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Restless legs syndrome, Characteristics, Correlates, Polysomnography
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